Barcelona and Maputo have been working on technical and municipal cooperation since 2007. Several friendship and cooperation protocols have been signed, which have generated a significant volume of technical and cooperation exchanges, and of development projects implemented in the city by NGOs from Barcelona. In these years there has been bilateral collaboration in the areas of Urban Projects and Planning, Archives, Libraries, Municipal Markets and Public Health.

In May 2022, a new three-year protocol focused on municipal cooperation was signed -the fourth agreement signed between the two cities- to face the challenges shared by Barcelona and Maputo, especially in relation to the climate crisis (ecological food, environmental protection and fight against pollution).