Lesbos is one of the Greek islands that forms part of one of the main entrance routes of migrants and refugees to Europe from Asia, the Middle East and some African countries.

In March 2016 the first collaboration agreement was signed between Barcelona City Council and Lesbos, which is valid for 4 years. 

 According to this cooperation agreement, based on equality and mutual benefit, the technical collaboration is strengthened between both administrations so as to work jointly in sectors such as the environment, tourism, sport or culture, amongst others.

Within the framework of this agreement, the possibility is also studied of creating a mechanism between municipalities for the relocation of the refugee population, as well as the feasibility of introducing humanitarian visas for the most vulnerable refugee population.